Surgical management of brachioaxillary-subclavian vein occlusion

Occlusion of the proximal subclavian vein complicating pacemaker lead implantation.

A set of images in which a pacemaker lead replacement procedure was complicated by occlusion of the proximal subclavian vein is presented. However, this was not detected on venography performed before the procedure. Physicians should be aware of a more proximal occlusion of the subclavian vein while replacing pacemaker leads, even in cases with seemingly normal venography.

Subclavian Vein Stenosis/Occlusion Following Transvenous Cardiac Pacemaker and Defibrillator Implantation: Incidence, Pathophysiology and Current Management

Management of Retinal Vein Occlusion - Consensus Document

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) can have severe consequences for the people affected by the disease, including visual loss with costly social repercussions. Currently, there is no European consensus with regard to the management of RVO. Following a careful review of the medical literature as well as the data from several clinical trials, a collaborative group of retina specialists put forth practi...

Management of branch retinal vein occlusion.

This article addresses advances in the management of branch retinal vein occlusion - a common retinal vascular disorder in elderly patients which is a significant cause of ocular morbidity. New intravitreal therapies have improved the prognosis for patients, albeit with significant cost implications.

Management of retinal vein occlusion--consensus document.

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) can have severe consequences for the people affected by the disease, including visual loss with costly social repercussions. Currently, there is no European consensus with regard to the management of RVO. Following a careful review of the medical literature as well as the data from several clinical trials, a collaborative group of retina specialists put forth practi...